Feature
Veterinary Education in Bangladesh
Tithe Farhana
 VETERINARY medicine is the branch of science that deals with the appliance of medical, surgical, dental, diagnostic and therapeutic principles to pet, domestic, wildlife and livestock animals. The World Health Organization expresses about the benefits of human life by this science, “the sum of all contributions to the complete physical, mental and social well-being of humans through an understanding and application of veterinary medical science.”
The first veterinary college was set up at Babugarh in India in 1877 in order to produce qualified veterinarians. Later on veterinary colleges were established in Lahore, Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. After 1947 most of the Muslim veterinary surgeons migrated to East Pakistan and established a veterinary college at Comilla in 1947. This college offered Diploma in Veterinary Science, known as DVMS (Diploma in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery), and a three years course after 10 years of schooling (Matriculation). A five years BSc (AH) in Animal Husbandry degree course was introduced in this college while it was shifted, first to Dhaka in 1951, and then to Mymensingh in 1957, when it became an affiliated college of Dhaka University. The scheme of Bangladesh Agricultural University was finalized on 8 June 1961 and its ordinance was promulgated on 18 August 1961. Currently the 6 Major Academic Disciplines are, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agricultural Economics & Rural Sociology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology and Faculty of Fisheries.
Veterinary science in Bangladesh has been recognized as a profession from 1982 through 'The Bangladesh gazette' on Tuesday September 7 1982. 'The Bangladesh Veterinarian Practitioners' ordinance 1982 was enforced to make provision for the regulation, control and registration in Bangladesh and for the constitute of a veterinary council and for matters connected. This was followed by the approval of 'The Bangladesh Veterinary Council Regulations 1985' with establishment of 'Bangladesh Veterinary Council' under which the veterinary graduates are now registered as practitioners.
Sylhet Agricultural University, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, and University of Rajshahi are offering degree and maters programmes on Agriculture, Livestock and Veterinary science.
Sylhet Agricultural University formally started on 2 November 2006 and offers some additional facilities. The government-run Artificial Insemination Centre is also there to help the students' learn practical lessons. In addition to the Honours courses under the Veterinary, Agriculture and Fishery faculties, MS courses have already been introduced in 10 disciplines. These are Anatomy, Physiology, Microbiology, Pathology, Medicine, Animal Science, Nutrition, Poultry Science Pharmacology, Animal Breeding and Genetics. This university is collaborating with some of the foreign universities about standardization of curriculum and other educational development issues. The university has started the Fisheries Faculty in 2007-08.
Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) is a Public University of Bangladesh which consists of two faculties (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Faculty of Food Science and Technology) with 500 students. A programme on the development of integrated veterinary undergraduate curriculum is currently being conducted under the supervision of the British Council and DFID for the expansion of veterinary education in the country.
The prime objective of the establishment of the Veterinary and Animal Science (VAS) faculty at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University is to give concentrated efforts towards providing up-to-date and quality education to ensure protection of health of animals and improvement of their productivity. Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science of University of Rajshahi started in 2004 in order to foster quality veterinary education and produce creative, efficient and modern professionals.
 Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) formally started functioning after the promulgation of government gazette notification on 26 February 2002 on the campus of former Patuakhali Agricultural College starting with Departments of Anatomy and Histology, Pathology , Parasitology, Microbiology, Physiology, Biochemistry and pharmacology, Animal Genetics and Breeding, Medicine and Surgery. Basic and Social science, General Animal Science and Animal Nutrition, Dairy and Poultry Science are running under faculty of veterinary medicine .
Importance of veterinary science
Scottish Executive Health Department, Food Standards Agency reports the re-emergence of zoonoses, bioterrorism, pollution incidents, antimicrobial resistance, xenotransplantation and socio economic importance of food production makes a collaborative and professional approach to veterinary science more imperative. Veterinary public health impacts on human health by reducing exposure to hazards arising from animals, animal products, and their environment.
According to Dr. M.D Nazrul Islam, Dean of Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Livestock resources necessarily encompass animal health care and welfare, quality production and effective rearing. veterinarians serve agriculture sector by supporting healthy and economic production of meat, milk and egg and protecting the livestock from diseases.
 Veterinary consultant Ferdous Md. Altaf Hossain said that if the government develops a more practical curriculum then Bangladesh would be immensely benefitted. Dr. M.D Nazrul Islam commented, “Veterinarians control natural diseases and minimize the threat to the health and survival of wild life.”
Dr Nitish Chandra Nath , Vice chancellor of Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University said, “Veterinary medical research is not only inadequate in terms of livestock health and production but also becoming more depended on inter-disciplinary efforts like public health, nuclear , organ transplantation, environment health and safety. 75 % diseases of animals are contagious and produce infection in man. Veterinary research has made more contributions to the control of nearly all the diseases.”
Dr Nitish Chandra Nath also added that, “Development of livestock resources depend on veterinary health services, veterinary support services, delivery systems of veterinary biological products, quality production inputs, veterinary extension services, and cooperation between private and public sectors dealing with various health problems of livestock, viz. diagnosis of diseases, their treatment, prevention and control.”
Sources
· www.bau.edu.bd
· www.cvasu.ac.bd
· www.pstu.ac.bd
· www.sylhetagrivarsity.edu.bd
· www.hstu.ac.bd
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